Windows API - Wikipedia. The Windows API, informally Win. API, is Microsoft's core set of application programming interfaces (APIs) available in the Microsoft Windows operating systems. The name Windows API collectively refers to several different platform implementations that are often referred to by their own names (for example, Win. API); see the versions section.
Free Free Hide IP Download,Free Hide IP 3.9.6.2 is Hide your real IP address to protect your privacy for FREE with Free Hide IP. Freemake Video Downloader downloads YouTube videos free "as-is" in MP4, WebM, 3GP, FLV formats. Download any YouTube videos as MP3 music files. Almost all Windows programs interact with the Windows API. On the Windows NT line of operating systems, a small number (such as programs started early in the Windows startup process) use the Native API. However, the API may be used by any programming language compiler or assembler able to handle the (well- defined) low- level data structures along with the prescribed calling conventions for calls and callbacks. Similarly, the internal implementation of the API's function has been developed in several languages, historically. There have also been many wrapper classes and extensions (from Microsoft and others) for object- oriented languages that make this object- oriented structure more explicit (Microsoft Foundation Class Library (MFC), Visual Component Library (VCL), GDI+, etc.). For instance, Windows 8 provides the Windows API and the Win. RT API, which is implemented in C++. Included are things like file systems, devices, processes, threads, and error handling. These functions reside in kernel. Windows, and kernel. Windows. Advanced Services. Provide access to functions beyond the kernel. Included are things like the Windows registry, shutdown/restart the system (or abort), start/stop/create a Windows service, manage user accounts. These functions reside in advapi. Windows. Graphics Device Interface. It resides in gdi. Windows, and gdi. Windows in user- mode. Kernel- mode GDI support is provided by win. This functional unit resides in user. BibMe Free Bibliography & Citation Maker - MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard.It’s a bit of a drawn-out. Download shareware, freeware, trials and betas. Windows, and user. Windows. Since Windows XP versions, the basic controls reside in comctl. Common Control Library). Common Dialog Box Library. The library resides in a file called commdlg. Windows, and comdlg. Windows. It is grouped under the User Interface category of the API. Common Control Library. These include things like status bars, progress bars, toolbars and tabs. The library resides in a dynamic- link library (DLL) file called commctrl. Windows, and comctl. Windows. It is grouped under the User Interface category of the API. Windows Shell. The component resides in shell. Windows, and shell. Windows. The Shell Lightweight Utility Functions are in shlwapi. It is grouped under the User Interface category of the API. Network Services. Its subcomponents include Net. BIOS, Winsock, Net. DDE, remote procedure call (RPC) and many more. This component resides in netapi. Windows. The Internet Explorer (IE) web browser also exposes many APIs that are often used by applications, and as such could be considered a part of the Windows API. IE has been included with the operating system since Windows 9. OSR2 and has provided web- related services to applications since Windows 9. Applications can also provide their own URL handlers for others to use. An HTTP client library which also takes into account system- wide Proxy settings (wininet. Microsoft has added another HTTP client library called winhttp. A library to assist multi- language and international text support (mlang. Direct. X Transforms, a set of image filter components. XML support (the MSXML components, held in msxml*. Access to the Windows Address Books. Multimedia. This component has been deprecated as of Direct. X 9, and Microsoft no longer recommends its use for game development. Microsoft also provides several APIs for media encoding and playback: Direct. Show, which builds and runs generic multimedia pipelines. It is comparable to the GStreamer framework and often used to render in- game videos and build media players (Windows Media Player is based on it). Direct. Show is no longer recommended for game development. Media Foundation, a newer digital media API intended to replace Direct. Show. Program interaction. For communication among different Windows applications, Microsoft has developed a series of technologies alongside the main Windows API. This started out with Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE), which was superseded by Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) and later by the Component Object Model (COM), Automation Objects, Active. X controls, and the . NET Framework. There is not always a clear distinction between these technologies, and there is much overlap. The variety of terms is basically the result of grouping software mechanisms that relate to a given aspect of software development. Automation specifically relates to exporting the function of an application or component (as an application programming interface (API)) so that it can be controlled by other applications instead of by human users only, . NET is a self- contained general methodology and technology to develop desktop and web applications written in a variety of just- in- time (JIT) compiled languages. Windows. pas is a Pascal/Delphi unit which contains the Windows- specific API declarations. It is the Pascal equivalent to windows. C. Microsoft Foundation Class Library (MFC) wrapped Windows API functionality in C++classes, and thus allows a more object- oriented way to interact with the API. The Active Template Library (ATL) is a template oriented wrapper for COM. The Windows Template Library (WTL) was developed as an extension to ATL, and intended as a smaller alternative to MFC. Most application frameworks for Windows (at least partly) wrap the Windows API. Thus, the . NET Framework and Java, likewise any other programming languages under Windows, are (or contain) wrapper libraries. Windows API Code Pack for Microsoft . NET Framework is a . NET wrapper library for Windows API. This had the advantage of giving them much flexibility and power over their applications, but also creates great responsibility in how applications handle various low- level, sometimes tedious, operations that are associated with a graphical user interface. For example, a beginning C programmer will often write the simple . The working part of the program is only a single printf line within the main subroutine. The overhead for linking to the standard I/O library is also only one line: #include< stdio. Charles Petzold, who wrote several books about programming for the Windows API, said: . HELLO. C was about 1. HELLO. RC resource script had another 2. However, in general, the interface remained fairly consistent, and an old Windows 1. Windows API. To achieve this, when developing new versions of Windows, Microsoft sometimes implemented workarounds to allow compatibility with third- party software that used the prior version in an undocumented or even inadvisable way. Raymond Chen, a Microsoft developer who works on the Windows API, has said: . Which is why I get particularly furious when people accuse Microsoft of maliciously breaking applications during OS upgrades. If any application failed to run on Windows 9. I took it as a personal failure. While Win. 32 was originally introduced with Windows NT 3. Win. 32s allowed use of a Win. Windows 9. 5, it was not until Windows 9. Win. 32 began. To ease the transition, in Windows 9. Microsoft, a complex scheme of API thunks was used that could allow 3. Win. 16 APIs) and vice versa. Flat thunks allowed 3. Windows 9. 5's libraries to avoid porting the whole OS to Win. In Windows NT, the OS was pure 3. Win. 16 to Win. 32, as for Windows 9. The Platform SDK shipped with a compiler that could produce the code needed for these thunks. Versions of 6. 4- bit Windows are also able to run 3. Wo. W6. 4. The Sys. WOW6. 4 folder located in the Windows folder on the OS drive contains several tools to support 3. Microsoft eventually changed the name of the then current Win. API family into Windows API, and made it into a catch- all term for both past and future API versions. These were initially referred to as simply the Windows API, but were later renamed to Win. Windows API. The functions of Win. API reside in mainly the core files of the OS: kernel. Despite the file extension of exe, these actually are dynamic- link libraries. Win. 32 is the 3. API) for modern versions of Windows. The API consists of functions implemented, as with Win. DLLs. The core DLLs of Win. Win. 32 was introduced with Windows NT. The version of Win. Windows 9. 5 was initially referred to as Win. This term was later abandoned by Microsoft in favor of Win. Win. 32s is an extension for the Windows 3. Microsoft Windows that implemented a subset of the Win. API for these systems. All memory pointers are 6. LLP6. 4 model), so the source code must be checked for compatibility with 6. React. OS goes a step further and aims to implement the full Windows operating system, working closely with the Wine project to promote code re- use and compatibility. Dos. Win. 32 and HX DOS Extender are other projects which emulate the Windows API to allow executing simple Windows programs from a DOS command line. Odin is a project to emulate Win. OS/2, superseding the original Win- OS/2 emulation which was based on Microsoft code. Other minor implementations include the MEWEL and Zinc libraries which were intended to implement a subset of the Win. API on DOS (see List of platform- independent GUI libraries). Windows Interface Source Environment (WISE) was a licensing program from Microsoft which allowed developers to recompile and run Windows- based applications on Unix and Macintosh platforms. WISE SDKs were based on an emulator of the Windows API that could run on those platforms. The compiler must either handle the header files that expose the interior API function names, or supply such files. For the language C++, Zortech (later Symantec, then Digital Mars), Watcom and Borland have all produced well known commercial compilers that have been used often with Win. Win. 32s, and Win. Some of them supplied memory extenders, allowing Win. Win. 16 with Microsoft's redistributable Win.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
August 2017
Categories |